According to national media reports, some people in the village of Gundutse had symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting.
At least 45 people, mostly women, children and the elderly, have died from the undiagnosed disease.
Local residents, who initially thought they were suffering from common illnesses such as malaria and diarrhea, are worried that the death toll could rise.
Health officials in Gundutse said they had informed the Kano Ministry of Health about the disease.
Water and blood samples are being collected to determine the exact cause of the disease, officials said.
While waiting for the test results, Gundutse residents believe that poor hygiene conditions in the village may have been a factor in the outbreak of the disease.
Sokoto state government also announced on April 7 that 3 children died and 127 children were hospitalized due to the undiagnosed disease in the state.
