The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reports that around 30–40% of the food supply in the United States is wasted annually, equating to about 133 billion pounds, or $161 billion worth, of food. This wastage is detrimental not only to our finances but also to the environment. Food waste, as highlighted by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is the most prevalent material found in landfills and incinerators nationwide.
While many foods spoil quickly, one pantry staple stands out for its seemingly eternal shelf life: honey. This golden, sweet liquid can endure for years, decades, or even indefinitely. The secret to honey’s impressive longevity lies in its unique chemical composition. With low moisture and high sugar content, achieved through the diligent efforts of bees collecting and dehydrating nectar, honey remains stable over time.
Honey’s longevity is further enhanced by the bees’ process of evaporating water from nectar, resulting in a final product with a low water content unsuitable for microbial growth. Enzymes in the bees’ stomachs aid in breaking down nectar into gluconic acid, contributing to honey’s acidity and natural preservation. Archaeological finds of honey jars in ancient Egyptian tombs, including those in King Tutankhamun’s burial chamber, attest to honey’s lasting quality over thousands of years.
Stored properly in a cool, dry, airtight container, honey can remain safe to consume for an extended period. However, caution is advised regarding honey that has been exposed to excess moisture or cross-contamination, as it may develop mold or harbor harmful bacteria. It is especially important not to give honey, even fresh, to infants under one year old due to the risk of botulism. By following proper storage practices, honey can be enjoyed for years to come.
The glucose in honey can crystallize, resulting in a gritty texture or solidifying. However, this does not indicate spoilage. According to The National Honey Board, crystallized honey can be liquefied by gently warming the jar in hot water.
Honey is not the only long-lasting food item. Other pantry staples, such as soy sauce, sugar, rice, dried vegetables, peanuts, and canned fish, can also last for years or even decades due to their low moisture content and natural antimicrobial properties. If you want to stock a pantry that will last a lifetime, consider these items along with honey.
To store honey properly, use an airtight container to prevent moisture from getting in. Glass jars with tight-fitting lids are recommended. Avoid storing honey in plastic or metal containers as they can cause oxidation. Keep honey at an average room temperature of 64 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit for optimal shelf stability. Refrigerating honey will cause it to solidify, so it’s best to store it at room temperature.
