Recent data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reveals a rise in outbreaks of a common stomach bug known as norovirus. In the week of December 5, 91 outbreaks were reported, up from the previous week’s 69 outbreaks. This increase is higher than the usual range of 65 or fewer outbreaks per week during this time of year. It should be noted that many cases likely go unreported.
With norovirus cases on the rise, it’s important for people to understand how it spreads, what symptoms to expect, and how long the illness typically lasts. Individuals may also wonder what to do if they suspect they have contracted norovirus, when to seek medical attention, how to minimize the risk of spreading the virus through food safety measures, and what other steps can be taken to prevent the transmission of norovirus and other foodborne illnesses.
To address these questions, CNN consulted with Dr. Leana Wen, an expert in wellness and emergency medicine. Dr. Wen, a clinical associate professor at George Washington University and former health commissioner of Baltimore, provided insights into norovirus and its impact on public health.
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus and the leading cause of foodborne illness in the US, responsible for millions of illnesses each year. It is known to cause outbreaks in various settings, including cruise ships, schools, day care centers, and correctional facilities. The virus can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected person, contaminated surfaces, or through exposure to vomit or fecal matter.
Typical symptoms of norovirus include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, fatigue, low-grade fever, chills, headaches, and muscle aches. While most people recover within one to two days without lasting effects, severe cases can lead to dehydration, especially in individuals unable to retain fluids.
There is no specific treatment for norovirus, as antibiotics are ineffective against viruses and there is no targeted antiviral medication or vaccine available. Managing symptoms and preventing dehydration through fluid intake is crucial. Adults should consume water and other fluids, while children may benefit from electrolyte solutions like Pedialyte.
It’s important for individuals to stay informed about norovirus, practice good hygiene, and follow food safety guidelines to reduce the risk of infection and transmission.
CNN reached out to Dr. Leana Wen, an emergency physician and public health professor at George Washington University, for insights on norovirus, a common illness characterized by vomiting and diarrhea. Dr. Wen emphasized the importance of continuing breastfeeding for children experiencing these symptoms, as well as the significance of staying hydrated, especially for those vulnerable to severe illness.
In terms of seeking medical attention, Dr. Wen advised contacting a healthcare provider if specific concerning symptoms arise or if maintaining hydration becomes challenging. Individuals exhibiting typical norovirus symptoms are generally advised to allow the illness to run its course. However, the presence of blood in stool, high fevers, shortness of breath, or unusual symptoms warrants consultation with a medical professional to rule out other potential illnesses. Typically, those affected by norovirus should start feeling better within a couple of days of symptom onset, but lack of improvement should prompt a visit to the doctor.
Hydration is essential during norovirus, and individuals experiencing excessive vomiting to the point of being unable to retain fluids should seek medical attention promptly. Families with infants showing reduced urine output should also consult with their healthcare provider to ensure adequate care. Those at higher risk, such as infants, young children, the elderly, and individuals with underlying medical conditions, should maintain heightened vigilance and promptly seek medical advice if needed.
Regarding food safety, Dr. Wen highlighted the importance of refraining from food preparation when experiencing symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, or stomach cramping. Individuals should avoid handling food, utensils, or plates for others until at least two days after symptoms have subsided. Handwashing before meals is crucial, especially after touching potentially contaminated surfaces. In households with a norovirus case, diligent handwashing practices are essential to prevent further spread. Surfaces can be disinfected using bleach solutions to eliminate the virus effectively.
Additionally, Dr. Wen cautioned against the risks posed by other foodborne illnesses like E. coli, salmonella, and listeria. Precautionary measures include avoiding raw milk and undercooked meat, ensuring proper cooking temperatures are reached, refraining from consuming perishable food left out for extended periods, thorough washing of produce, and maintaining hygienic practices while preparing or serving food. Individuals should refrain from meal preparation or sharing food while experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms to prevent potential contamination.
In conclusion, Dr. Wen stressed the significance of hand hygiene through regular handwashing and recommended the use of hand sanitizers when access to water is limited. By adhering to these practices, individuals can minimize the risk of contracting and spreading norovirus and other gastrointestinal illnesses. For more news and updates from CNN, readers can create an account on their official website.
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