Experiencing a lack of typical allergy symptoms like stuffiness and itchy eyes during allergy season may feel like hitting the jackpot. However, allergists suggest that dealing with seasonal allergies’ effects can happen without you even realizing it. For some individuals, experiencing only a vague symptom, such as a headache, could indicate seasonal allergies. Even if no other symptoms are present, those recurring springtime headaches might be linked to allergies. Dr. Alan D. Workman, a sinus surgeon at Massachusetts Eye and Ear and assistant professor at Harvard Medical School, stated, “Many patients with ‘sinus headaches’ actually suffer from allergy-related inflammation rather than active sinus infections.” While using common remedies may temporarily alleviate allergy headaches, allergists recommend seeking a more effective solution for head pain. Here’s how to identify if your headaches are due to seasonal allergies and what steps to take next.
What Causes Seasonal Allergy Headaches?
Classic seasonal allergy symptoms typically include a runny nose, sneezing, watery eyes, congestion, headaches, fatigue, and coughing, as outlined by the National Library of Medicine. However, some individuals may solely experience headaches. Allergens like pollen, mold, and pet dander can trigger a sinus headache by provoking an immune response, even without other allergy indications, according to the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. Dr. Purvi Parikh, an allergist at Allergy & Asthma Network in New York, explained, “Allergies can prompt sinus and nasal inflammation, leading to severe headaches.”
This inflammation can result in various issues, such as thickening of the sinuses’ mucous membrane, nerve irritation, or pressure changes in the sinus cavities, particularly in the forehead and cheeks, according to Workman. These factors can lead to headaches.
Differentiating Seasonal Allergy Headaches from Other Types
Dr. Catherine Monteleone, an allergist-immunologist at Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, advises looking for patterns to distinguish seasonal allergy headaches from other types. If you regularly experience headaches in the spring and fall, common allergy seasons, but not during other times of the year, allergies may be the culprit. Workman also noted the importance of considering the location of headaches. Allergy-related headaches usually manifest around the face, cheeks, eyes, or forehead, often as a pressure sensation. In contrast, migraine or tension headaches typically accompany additional symptoms like nausea or light sensitivity. Additionally, Workman highlighted that exposure to allergens such as pollen, mold, or dust could trigger or exacerbate allergy headaches.
Treatment for Seasonal Allergy Headaches
Monteleone recommended using over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen to alleviate symptoms temporarily. She explained, “Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce inflammation and pain.” However, this approach merely addresses the symptoms and does not tackle the root cause of the headaches. Consequently, the pain may resurface once the medication’s effects wear off.
Dr. Workman recommends using oral antihistamines such as cetirizine (Zyrtec) or diphenhydramine (Benadryl). He also suggests that nasal steroid sprays can be beneficial, especially during peak seasons. Allergen immunotherapy, typically administered through allergy shots, may provide long-term relief from symptoms.
In addition, Monteleone advises applying warm compresses to your face, staying hydrated, and using a nasal rinse like a neti pot to clear your sinuses. She recommends avoiding high-pollen days if possible. If you experience seasonal allergy headaches, it can be challenging to determine the exact cause due to various triggers. Dr. Workman suggests keeping track of when your headaches occur and any patterns they follow. If you suspect allergies are the culprit, trying over-the-counter antihistamines or nasal steroid sprays may offer some relief. If these measures are ineffective, Monteleone recommends seeking medical attention.
Consulting an ear, nose, and throat physician or allergist can help identify the root cause of your headaches and develop a suitable treatment plan. Lifestyle adjustments, such as keeping windows closed and practicing regular nasal irrigation, can also be beneficial in managing allergy-related headaches. Remember, it’s not just about medication.
