A replica of a bronze vat from the tomb of a deposed emperor has sparked a new chapter in China’s drinking history. Traditional texts, such as the Ming Dynasty’s Bencao Gangmu, have long credited the Yuan Dynasty with pioneering Chinese alcohol distillation. However, recent experiments by Zhengzhou University suggest that this practice could date back as far as 1,000 years earlier.
The 1:2 scale replica, based on a vessel unearthed from Emperor Liu He’s tomb, sheds light on ancient distillation methods. Emperor Liu He, known for his short-lived reign and subsequent exile, was found to have a sophisticated bronze distillation apparatus in his burial chamber. This contraption, comprising a main vat, cylindrical unit, and brewing cauldron, has piqued the interest of archaeologists and cultural heritage authorities.
Distillation, the process of concentrating alcoholic beverages, is achieved by boiling fermented liquids and separating the alcohol from its base ingredients. Researchers, led by Zhang Zhongli, recreated the ancient distillation process using ingredients from the same era. By experimenting with yellow wine and beer, they achieved a high distillation efficiency while preserving the original flavors and alcohol content.
This groundbreaking discovery not only showcases the advanced technology of the Western Han dynasty but also challenges previous theories surrounding the purpose of the distillation apparatus. Collaborator Yao Zhihui believes that the device was likely used for producing brandy-like beverages rather than purifying flower dews. The team’s efforts have provided valuable insights into ancient Chinese distillation practices and may reshape our understanding of early Chinese alcohol production.
Furthermore, an examination of residue at the archaeological dig site was carried out. It can be argued that Liu He’s extensive list of misdeeds, such as excessive feasting and indulging in games, lends credence to the notion that the banished emperor had a penchant for alcohol.
