If you frequently travel by plane, you may be familiar with the concept of wearing compression socks during flights. These knee-high, tightly fitting socks are commonly worn to support blood circulation and prevent swelling in the legs and feet that can result from extended periods of sitting.
Compression socks, also known as graduated compression socks or compression stockings, are considered a medical device prescribed by doctors to address various conditions. They work by exerting pressure on the legs to enhance blood flow, particularly when the leg muscles are not actively engaged in movement.
The pressure applied by compression socks helps to squeeze the veins, aiding in the upward movement of blood towards the heart. By supporting the function of the veins’ one-way valves, compression socks help prevent blood from flowing backward and accumulating in the lower extremities, which can lead to swelling.
Most compression socks are designed with graduated pressure, meaning they are tightest at the ankle and gradually loosen as they move up the leg. This design promotes efficient blood circulation and reduces the risk of blood pooling in the veins.
Compression socks are available in various levels of tightness, measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg), ranging from mild (8–15 mmHg) to extra firm (30–40 mmHg). While over-the-counter options typically offer mild to moderate compression, medical-grade socks with higher pressure levels require a prescription.
The benefits of wearing compression socks during flights include improved circulation, reduced risk of blood clots, decreased swelling, lower inflammation, and relief from muscle fatigue and pain. These socks help prevent conditions like deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by enhancing blood flow and minimizing blood pooling in the veins.
Individuals who may benefit from wearing compression socks include those looking to improve circulation, reduce swelling, alleviate muscle fatigue, and lower the risk of DVT and other vein-related complications. To determine the appropriate length, size, and compression level of compression socks for your specific needs, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider for guidance.
Some individuals derive greater benefits from wearing compression socks than others. According to Churchwell, those most at risk for conditions like DVT or blood clots stand to gain the most from wearing compression socks. These individuals may have venous diseases, circulation issues, or risk factors for blood clot development, including a history of DVT, family history of blood clots, chronic venous insufficiency, varicose veins, lymphedema, cancer, recent surgeries, sedentary lifestyles, or age over 60. Pregnant individuals or those who have recently given birth may also be at higher risk of blood pooling and clots.
Compression socks can be beneficial in various situations, such as reducing swelling or aiding muscle contractions, as stated by Sarraju. They can be especially useful for conditions like varicose veins and lymphedema. Individuals recovering from surgery, particularly in the lower extremities, or those required to be immobile for extended periods may also benefit from compression stockings.
People who spend prolonged periods sitting or standing, such as those with desk jobs, may experience increased blood pooling in the legs and feet, making compression socks advantageous. Athletes may also wear compression socks for added support and comfort.
Sarraju notes that during flights, immobility can lead to blood pooling in the legs, particularly on long flights. Although generally not a concern for healthy individuals, prolonged immobility during air travel can raise the risk of blood clots. Compression socks are recommended for high-risk travelers on flights lasting four hours or more to reduce the chance of clot formation.
Experts suggest that while compression socks may not be necessary for all travelers, simple steps can be taken to promote circulation during flights. These include standing up and moving regularly, performing isometric exercises in your seat, flexing your feet and ankles, and staying hydrated.
Individuals with concerns about their risk factors or the need for compression socks should consult their healthcare provider for personalized advice.
Compression socks are generally considered safe to wear, but it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional to ensure they are the correct size and compression level for your individual needs. Ill-fitting socks have the potential to cause discomfort, irritation, or leg pain, as noted by experts in the field. “There is not really a significant and adverse risk that people need to be terribly concerned about,” states Churchwell.
When it comes to wearing compression socks, the recommended duration can vary. Healthcare providers are best equipped to determine which compression socks are suitable for each individual, as well as how long they should be worn based on specific requirements and lifestyle factors.
For those purchasing over-the-counter compression socks, it is essential to carefully check the sizing and begin with a mild compression level. “You want to pick a compression sock that exerts an amount of pressure that isn’t uncomfortable,” advises Sarraju.
This article was originally published on TODAY.com.
