A persistent scarcity of medications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is impacting millions—with no foreseeable resolution in sight. The Food and Drug Administration initially disclosed a deficiency in Adderall, the prevalent drug used for treating ADHD, in October 2022. Various factors like production delays, medication recalls due to contamination, excessive prescribing, and surging demand contribute to this scarcity.
The shortage escalated in June when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention revealed disrupted access to stimulant medications, including Adderall, due to healthcare fraud. With a growing number of individuals with ADHD facing disruption in their prescriptions, some may seek medication outside the conventional healthcare system, heightening the risk of harm and overdose, as per the CDC.
The number of patients with ADHD prescriptions has significantly risen over the past decade, with stimulant prescriptions like Adderall and Ritalin surging by over 50% from 2012 to 2022, according to a 2023 report by the Drug Enforcement Administration. Meanwhile, approximately 6% of adults in the U.S.—or about 15.5 million individuals—currently have ADHD, based on data from the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics.
As of October 2023, roughly one-third of adults with ADHD are on stimulant medication, with nearly three-quarters facing challenges in accessing their medications due to shortages. Simultaneously, about a third of adults are not receiving any form of ADHD treatment. Stephen Lassen, a psychologist specializing in behavioral sciences, expressed concern over individuals going without their medications and resorting to various methods to cope with the ongoing shortage, emphasizing the struggles faced by children and adults with ADHD in educational and social settings.
While conventional management of ADHD symptoms often involves medication, the current shortage has prompted many individuals to consider alternative strategies. Lassen highlighted that recent research indicates lifestyle interventions like regular exercise, consistent sleep patterns, and limited screen time could mildly alleviate ADHD symptoms. These lifestyle habits are beneficial for everyone and should form the core of any ADHD management plan, according to Lassen.
In light of the Adderall shortage persisting in the U.S., ADHD Advisor has compiled evidence-based strategies for managing ADHD symptoms. It is important to consult a medical professional before making any treatment changes, as these recommendations are not a substitute for medication.
**Identifying Potential Food Sensitivities**
While there is no definitive ADHD diet, some studies suggest that eliminating trigger foods could help manage symptoms in children and adolescents. Research has indicated that an elimination diet, involving the removal of certain foods to identify sensitivities exacerbating ADHD symptoms, may benefit some individuals.
A study published in the journal Scientific Reports revealed that more than 60% of boys aged 8 to 10 saw a notable decrease in ADHD symptoms by following the few-foods diet. This diet comprises rice, meat, vegetables, pears, and other foods less likely to trigger reactions. However, it is recommended that individuals under professional supervision adopt this diet to prevent nutritional deficiencies.
Consider Taking Supplements:
While the impact of nutritional supplements on ADHD symptoms varies, research suggests that diet quality and nutrition play a role in ADHD management. A literature review in the journal Nutrients from 2022 indicated that vitamin D and magnesium supplements can improve symptoms in individuals deficient in vitamin D. Additionally, certain probiotic supplements have shown promise in alleviating ADHD symptoms, though further robust evidence is required.
Embrace a Balanced Diet:
Nutritional psychiatry is a burgeoning field that explores the effects of diet on mental health. Maintaining a balanced diet devoid of processed foods and refined sugars can enhance cognitive and physical functions, according to expert insights.
Engage in Regular Exercise:
Physical activity can have a profound impact on individuals with ADHD by increasing neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine. Studies suggest that exercise can enhance cognitive functions in children and adolescents with ADHD. Activities such as martial arts, ballet, and rock climbing, which demand precision and engagement of multiple brain areas, can be particularly beneficial.
Monitor Screen Time:
Research indicates a link between excessive screen time and heightened ADHD symptoms. Limiting screen time, especially for children and teenagers with ADHD, can help manage symptoms. Implementing guidelines, such as setting schedules, monitoring usage, and encouraging physical activity after screen time, can be effective strategies.
Prioritize Quality Sleep:
ADHD is associated with sleep disturbances, which can exacerbate symptoms like forgetfulness and lack of concentration. Establishing good sleep habits is crucial to managing ADHD symptoms and breaking the cycle of sleep disruptions.
Individuals with ADHD can benefit from implementing various strategies to improve their sleep quality. The Sleep Foundation offers several recommendations in this regard. These include refraining from screen time at least one hour before bedtime, engaging in regular exercise, ensuring adequate exposure to sunlight during the day, and avoiding the consumption of sugar, caffeine, and alcohol close to bedtime. Establishing a soothing bedtime routine is also advantageous, such as indulging in activities like taking a warm bath or spending quality time with pets. Such practices can assist individuals in unwinding before sleep and facilitate a restful night’s rest. This article has been edited by Alizah Salario for storytelling purposes, with additional edits by Kelly Glass and copy editing by Kristen Wegrzyn. Photo selection was done by Clarese Moller. The original publication of this content can be found in ADHD Advisor and was created in collaboration with Stacker Studio.
