When dogs visit a veterinary clinic for routine care, they often show signs of dental disease. Around 80 to 90% of dogs develop periodontal disease by the age of 3, which is more serious than just causing bad breath and unsightly teeth. Initially, it manifests as gum inflammation but can progress to pus pockets under the gums. If the pus enters the bloodstream, it can lead to organ failure, including heart disease, liver issues, and kidney damage. To prevent this, it’s crucial to maintain your dog’s oral health while their teeth are still healthy. Minor gum inflammation (gingivitis) can escalate to bad breath, periodontal disease, tartar buildup, bacterial pockets, and eventually loose teeth.
Brushing your dog’s teeth daily is the most effective way to fend off dental disease. Despite this, a study found that only about 4% of dog owners brush their pets’ teeth regularly. While the percentage may vary by region, the practice of daily brushing is limited worldwide. Daily brushing may not be sufficient for dogs with small or misaligned teeth, or those with open mouths, like Boxers, Shih-Tzus, Pugs, French Bulldogs, and Pomeranians.
Dental gels are toothpaste-like products with added ingredients to combat periodontal disease. Although they don’t remove existing tartar, they help control bacteria and prevent the spread of gingivitis. Some gels, like those containing chlorhexidine, are effective against gingivitis-causing bacteria. If your dog resists toothbrushing, consider applying a drop of gel on your finger and rubbing it along the gumline daily.
In addition to brushing, dental chews are beneficial in maintaining healthy gums and fresh breath. VOHC-approved treats have been shown to reduce calculus buildup and improve breath freshness. It’s recommended to give these treats daily to prevent dental disease progression.
Dental powders, when used in conjunction with brushing, may help reduce plaque. These powders are sprinkled on food and contain enzymes that can aid in plaque reduction. However, they should not be relied on as a sole preventive measure.
Dental diets are recommended by veterinary dentists and organizations like the VOHC as they are believed to help prevent tartar buildup and improve the oral microbiome. These specialized diets are designed to be larger in size, making it harder for pets to swallow them whole, and contain abrasive substances that help scrape the teeth during chewing.
While dental diets can be a convenient option, they may not be sufficient on their own to prevent dental issues in breeds prone to dental disease. It is recommended to supplement with a balanced diet of whole foods and regular teeth brushing for optimal oral health.
Prescription dental diets are available through veterinarians, even though they do not contain any medications requiring a prescription. Chew toys and dental toys can also play a role in maintaining oral health by stimulating gums and controlling gingivitis. Options like Kongs filled with treats or a simple cotton rope can help keep dogs entertained and improve their dental health.
Dental sprays are another tool that can be used to prevent gingivitis, but they are not a substitute for brushing or professional dental care. Herbal additives like myrrh and goldenseal, when mixed with food, may provide some benefits, while other homeopathic products are not likely to be effective.
Encouraging water consumption and using water additives can also help promote oral health by reducing tartar buildup. Additionally, treats like carrots may offer some benefits due to their potential impact on the oral microbiome.
Dogs can suffer from dental issues that can lead to serious health problems if left untreated. Many dogs experience dental disease, which can include problems such as tartar buildup and gingivitis. While saliva is produced normally in these dogs, the harsh oral environment can cause it to dry out, leading to insufficient saliva production. This, in turn, can contribute to the development of dental issues.
Water alone is not always sufficient to prevent dental disease in dogs, but it can help manage the condition, especially for pets that may not drink enough water. Providing fresh water and water with additives has been shown to be beneficial in maintaining oral health in dogs. For example, a product approved by the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) contains glycerin, which helps water stick to the teeth and may also have some antibacterial properties. Another product containing xylitol has been found to reduce plaque buildup by 14.9%, but it is recommended to use this product in conjunction with other dental care methods such as brushing, gels, and regular oral exams by a veterinarian.
Many dog owners wonder if these preventive measures can completely prevent dental disease in their pets. The answer depends on various factors, including the size and bite of the dog. Larger dogs with well-spaced teeth may not need professional teeth cleaning until they are seniors. However, smaller dogs or those with abnormal bites may still require regular dental care, including professional cleaning under anesthesia. While daily toothbrushing, water additives, chew toys, and other preventive measures can delay the need for professional cleaning, they may not eliminate the need entirely.
Delaying the progression of dental disease through preventive measures can have significant benefits for both the dog and the owner. By putting off the need for professional cleaning, dog owners can potentially save on costly dental bills and, more importantly, spare their pets from the risks associated with anesthesia and serious oral health issues. Taking proactive steps to maintain a dog’s oral health can lead to a longer and healthier life for the pet.
It is essential for dog owners to stay informed about the latest research and products aimed at improving canine dental health. Studies have shown that certain water additives, dental chews, and other products can help reduce plaque and tartar accumulation in dogs. By incorporating these products into a dog’s daily dental care routine, owners can work towards preventing dental disease and promoting overall oral health.
In conclusion, while dental disease is a common issue in dogs, it is possible to take steps to prevent and manage it through proper oral care. Regular toothbrushing, use of water additives, appropriate chew toys, and professional dental cleanings all play a role in maintaining a dog’s oral health. By staying proactive and attentive to their pet’s dental needs, dog owners can help ensure a happy and healthy life for their furry companions.
